What should be observed if an infant is in an active alert state?

When an infant is in an active alert state, the hallmark characteristic involves high levels of alertness and engagement with their environment. Agitated vocalizations indicate increased responsiveness and activity, often accompanied by movements and bright facial expressions. This state is marked by the infant being awake and ready to interact, showcasing an awareness of surroundings, which may include cooing or making other sounds.

This is distinct from other characteristics. For example, calm and relaxed posture would indicate a quieter state, and rapid eye movement is often associated with different levels of sleep rather than alertness. High-pitched crying, while concerning, does not accurately represent the transition into or maintenance of an active alert state, as it generally signifies distress rather than engagement or alertness. Therefore, observing agitated vocalizations captures the essence of the infant's active alertness effectively.