Which of the following conditions in newborn infants is associated with pulmonary edema?

The association of respiratory distress with pulmonary edema in newborns can be attributed to the accumulation of fluid in the lungs, which impairs gas exchange and leads to difficulty in breathing. Pulmonary edema can occur in various clinical scenarios, especially when there is an underlying condition that increases the pressure in the pulmonary circulation or affects the pulmonary vasculature.

In newborns, respiratory distress often manifests as signs of labored breathing, retractions, nasal flaring, or cyanosis. When pulmonary edema is present, these symptoms can be exacerbated as the fluid interferes with respiratory mechanics and the effective exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveoli. Conditions that commonly lead to pulmonary edema in neonates include congenital heart defects, meconium aspiration syndrome, or fluid overload scenarios.

The other options provided, while relevant to neonatal care, do not have a direct association with pulmonary edema. Flat feet, jaundice, and hyperbilirubinemia are conditions that do not intrinsically involve fluid accumulation in the lungs and thus are not linked to respiratory distress related to pulmonary edema. Therefore, respiratory distress stands out as the primary condition that correlates with this serious complication in newborns.