Which of the following diseases is commonly associated with oliguria?

Oliguria, defined as a decreased urine output, is commonly associated with severe preeclampsia, a condition characterized by high blood pressure and often a significant amount of protein in the urine during pregnancy. In severe cases, preeclampsia can lead to acute kidney injury due to reduced blood flow, hypertension, or the onset of complications such as hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet counts (HELLP syndrome). This renal impairment is reflected in the decreased urine output seen in affected individuals.

In the context of the other options, while they are associated with neonatal conditions, they typically do not have oliguria as a prominent feature. Eagle-Barrett syndrome primarily affects the urinary system and may lead to renal anomalies, but it's not commonly referenced in the immediate context of oliguria as seen in severe preeclampsia. Meconium aspiration syndrome and transient tachypnea of the newborn are both respiratory conditions in newborns, and while they can lead to complications, they do not directly cause oliguria. Therefore, severe preeclampsia is the most relevant condition associated with oliguria in this context.