Which type of umbilical cord is associated with poor fetal growth?

The association between a thin umbilical cord and poor fetal growth stems from the fact that the umbilical cord plays a critical role in fetal development by facilitating the transfer of oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the fetus. When the umbilical cord is thin, it may indicate potential issues such as insufficient blood flow or lack of adequate nutrient delivery. This compromised perfusion can lead to fetal undernutrition and ultimately result in restricted fetal growth. Additionally, a thin umbilical cord is often reflective of underlying conditions, such as oligohydramnios, which can further restrict the growth and well-being of the fetus.

In contrast, a thick umbilical cord may generally suggest abundant blood vessels and adequate nutrient supply, which is typically associated with normal or even excessive fetal growth. A normal cord illustrates the expected physiological structure and function without any indicators of impairment. Meanwhile, an incurved umbilical cord can suggest abnormal positioning or complications but does not have a direct link to poor growth like a thin cord does. Understanding these relationships helps healthcare professionals monitor and manage potential risks for fetal growth issues during pregnancy.